新建子模块

新建一个Maven子模块并命名为Parent，不需要勾选Create from archetype，删除src文件夹

添加节点

添加一个dependencyManagement节点，在dependencyManagement节点内添加dependencies节点，并在dependencies节点内添加依赖

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<parent>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <relativePath/>
</parent>

pom.xml如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <name>Parent Maven Webapp</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.example</groupId>
                <artifactId>Api</artifactId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <version>2.6.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>0.10</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
                <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
                <version>4.0.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.46</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.25</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
                <version>3.4</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
                <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
                <version>4.0.35.Final</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

统一管理版本

在properties节点内管理依赖版本，修改后的pom.xml如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <name>Parent Maven Webapp</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <!--依赖版本管理-->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
        <Api.version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</Api.version>
        <dubbo.version>2.6.0</dubbo.version>
        <zkclient.version>0.10</zkclient.version>
        <curator-framework.version>4.0.1</curator-framework.version>
        <fastjson.version>1.2.46</fastjson.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <slf4j-api.version>1.7.25</slf4j-api.version>
        <commons-lang3.version>3.4</commons-lang3.version>
        <netty-all.version>4.0.35.Final</netty-all.version>
    </properties>
    <!--依赖管理-->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.example</groupId>
                <artifactId>Api</artifactId>
                <version>${Api.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>${zkclient.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
                <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
                <version>${curator-framework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
                <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>${log4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>${slf4j-api.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
                <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
                <version>${netty-all.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

其它模块继承

使用parent节点继承，节点内填要继承的模块依赖引用路径，Parent模块的引用路径如下：

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<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>Parent</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

完整parent节点及其代码

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<parent>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <relativePath/>
</parent>

继承的模块也需要引入依赖，但是不需要引入版本号，版本号由继承得到，完整pom.xml如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>Parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>Provider</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>Provider Maven Webapp</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>Api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>