RabbitMQ实现消费者接收消息

前提

已经搭建好RabbitMQ基本环境，搭建步骤查看博客：搭建RabbitMQ基本环境

配置好RabbitMQ的交换机、队列、队列绑定交换机，具体步骤查看博客：RabbitMQ实现生产者发送消息，rabbitmq-common模块的RabbitMQConfig.java就是配置类

项目结构

实现过程

application.yml配置

添加一个application.yml配置文件，内容如下：

server:
  port: 81

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.0.145 #虚拟机IP
    port: 5672 #RabbitMQ默认TCP监听端口
    username: admin #登录RabbitMQ管理系统的用户名
    password: admin #登录RabbitMQ管理系统的密码
    virtual-host: / #默认就是/,可不加

接收消息页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>接收消息</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        function receiveMessage() {
            $.ajax({
                url: "/receiveMessage",
                type: "get",
                success: function (result) {
                    $("#messageReceive").html(result.message);
                },
            });
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
<div>
    接收的消息:<span style="color: red" id="messageReceive">看这里</span><br>
    <a href="javascript:receiveMessage()">
        <button>接收</button>
    </a>
</div>
</body>
</html>

消费者Service接口

package com.ledao.consumer.service;

/**
 * RabbitMQService消费者接口
 *
 * @author LeDao
 * @company
 * @create 2021-09-04 20:59
 */
public interface RabbitMQConsumerService {


    /**
     * 接收消息
     *
     * @return
     */
    String receiveMessage();
}

Service接口实现类

package com.ledao.consumer.service.impl;

import com.ledao.common.config.RabbitMQConfig;
import com.ledao.consumer.service.RabbitMQConsumerService;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * RabbitMQService消费者接口实现类
 *
 * @author LeDao
 * @company
 * @create 2021-09-04 21:57
 */
@Service("rabbitMQConsumerService")
public class RabbitMQConsumerServiceImpl implements RabbitMQConsumerService {

    @Resource
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    @Override
    public String receiveMessage() {
        return (String) amqpTemplate.receiveAndConvert(RabbitMQConfig.DIRECT_QUEUE);
    }
}

IndexController.java

package com.ledao.consumer.controller;

import com.ledao.consumer.service.RabbitMQConsumerService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author LeDao
 * @company
 * @create 2021-09-04 22:04
 */
@Controller
public class IndexController {

    @Resource
    private RabbitMQConsumerService rabbitMQConsumerService;

    /**
     * 跳转到接收消息页面
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/toReceiveMessagePage")
    public ModelAndView toReceiveMessagePage() {
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
        mav.setViewName("receiveMessagePage");
        return mav;
    }

    /**
     * 接收消息队列的一条消息
     *
     * @return
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/receiveMessage")
    public Map<String, Object> receiveMessage() {
        Map<String, Object> resultMap = new HashMap<>(16);
        String message = rabbitMQConsumerService.receiveMessage();
        resultMap.put("message", message != null ? message : "消息队列为空!!"+new Date());
        return resultMap;
    }
}